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中国在非洲的绿色投资面临双重制度约束：一是中非双边投资协定偏重投资保护，缺乏生态外部性补偿与动态调整机制；二是国际组织提出的投资便利化框架在非洲面临基础设施薄弱、法律多元与审批碎片化、同绿色投资特性适配不足等约束，难以有效落地。文章基于成本视角将上述制度约束提炼为政策不确定性成本、社会摩擦成本和交易与执行成本，并提出“稳定性–沟通性–程序性”三维治理框架。其中，稳定性治理通过“规则–解释性附件–双边联合委员会”的三层设计，降低政策不确定性成本；沟通性治理通过规范信息披露、社群参与和申诉反馈，降低社会摩擦成本；程序性治理通过构建“可达性–标准化–可追溯”的协同机制，降低交易与执行成本。在此基础上，文章系统分析了三维治理框架的实施挑战，并提出针对性措施。文章为中国在非洲的绿色投资提供了可操作的治理方案，可以降低制度成本并推动区域可持续发展。
Abstract：China's green investment in Africa faces two types of institutional constraints. First, China-Africa bilateral investment treaties are strongly skewed toward investment protection, while providing neither compensation for ecological externalities nor mechanisms for dynamic adjustment. Second, investment facilitation frameworks promoted by international organizations encounter serious implementation constraints in African contexts, including weak infrastructure, legal pluralism, fragmented approval procedures, and poor alignment with the specific characteristics of green investment, making them difficult to implement effectively. From a cost perspective, this paper reconceptualizes these institutional constraints as three types of institutional costs—policy uncertainty costs, social friction costs, and transaction and enforcement costs—and accordingly proposes a three-dimensional governance framework of “stability-communication-procedures”. Stability-oriented governance reduces policy uncertainty costs through a three-layer design consisting of rules, interpretive annexes, and bilateral joint committees. Communication-oriented governance lowers social friction costs by institutionalizing information disclosure, community participation, and grievance and feedback mechanisms. Procedure-oriented governance reduces transaction and enforcement costs by building a coordinated mechanism that enhances the accessibility, standardization, and traceability of administrative procedures. On this basis, the paper systematically analyzes the implementation challenges of the three-dimensional governance framework and proposes targeted policy measures. The study aims to provide an operational governance approach for China's green investment in Africa that can reduce institutional costs and promote regional sustainable development.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:X322;F125;F14
引用信息:
[1]欧定余,高亚超.中国对非洲绿色投资的制度约束与治理创新[J].消费经济,2025,41(06):30-45.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金面上项目“新发展格局下中国省级区域的全球价值链测度与事实”(72273121)
2025-11-19
2025-11-19
2025-11-19