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伴随着中国经济社会的发展，源远流长的饮酒文化与方兴未艾的饮酒消费相互作用。饮酒作为一种存在健康风险的消费行为，面临生活压力的都市居民是“借酒消愁”还是“饮酒为乐”值得辨析。本文使用“上海都市社区调查”（SUNS）2017年住户调查数据，讨论了生活满意度对饮酒行为和醉酒频率的影响及其性别差异。研究结论表明：生活满意度对是否饮酒、醉酒频率有显著的负作用，生活满意度越低，越有可能产生饮酒行为、增加醉酒频率，说明上海居民的饮酒行为更多是“借酒消愁”而非“饮酒为乐”，女性群体“借酒消愁”较男性更为明显；此外，抑郁情绪在生活满意度对醉酒的影响中发挥了中介效应，研究还发现“借酒消愁”效应在工作和家庭两个维度上存在差异，工作满意度与家庭亲密程度在其中起到了调节作用；受教育水平、家庭同住等因素对饮酒行为和醉酒频率也有显著抑制作用。
Abstract：Along with China's economic and so cial development, the long history of drinking culture interacts with the growing consumption of alcohol. As a type of consumption behavior with health risks, it is worth analyzing whether urban residents facing life pressures “drink to relieve sadness”or“drink for pleasure”. Using data from the Shanghai Urban Neighborhood Survey(SUNS) in 2017, this paper discusses the effects of life satisfaction on alcohol use and frequency of drunkenness, as well as gender differences. The study concluded that life satisfaction has a significant negative effect on both the decision to drink alcohol and the frequency of drunkenness. The lower the life satisfaction, the more likely to drink and increase the frequency of drunkenness.This indicates that the drinking behavior of Shanghai residents is more inclined towards“drink to relieve sadness”than “drinking for pleasure”. Females are more likely to use alcohol to relieve sorrow, and depression plays an intermediary role in the effect of life satisfaction on alcohol use. The study also found that the effect of “drink to relieve sadness”differs in the domains of work and family, where job satisfaction and family intimacy play a moderating role. Factors such as education and living together with family also have a significant inhibitory effect on drinking behavior and the frequency of drunkenness.
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(1)数据来自中国酒业协会《中国酒类产业发展分析及2023年发展报告》。
(2)数据来自智研咨询，详见https://www.chyxx.com/industry/202005/868061.html,2020-05-28/2023-07-20。
(1)数据来源于世界卫生组织《2014年全球酒精与健康状况报告》，详见WHO. Global Status Report on Alcohol and Health2014[R]. Geneva:WHO Research Report, 2014.
(1)感谢审稿人针对用抽烟替代饮酒进行稳健性分析的建议，本文删除了只抽烟不喝酒的样本。同时，感谢审稿人对后文内生性处理部分提出的建设性意见。
(1)针对“英语水平”这一工具变量可能存在的排他性问题（Exclusion Restriction），本文参考Conley等（2012）提出的放松外生性假设（Plausexog）以解决工具变量不是完全外生的问题。使用置信区间集合方法（UCI）和近似于零方法（LTZ）检验结果显示，虽然“英语水平”工具变量不满足完全外生，但这一问题在多数情况下都不会对本文“生活满意度会对饮酒行为带来显著负面作用”的基本结论产生实质影响，本文的结论依然稳健。
基本信息:
DOI：
中图分类号:C913.3
引用信息:
[1]钟宇,孙秀林.“借酒消愁”抑或“饮酒为乐”：居民生活满意度与饮酒行为、醉酒频率[J].消费经济,2024,40(02):63-76.
基金信息:
国家社会科学基金青年项目（21CSH006）