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文旅融合是实现旅游可持续发展的关键路径，也是文化消费的重要表现形式。本文聚焦于文旅融合、文化消费的前沿议题，以中国的文化消费试点城市为准自然实验，利用2010—2019年270个城市面板数据，在利用熵值法测度城市文旅融合发展水平的基础上，运用多期双重差分法检验文化消费试点政策对文旅融合发展的影响效应。研究发现，试点政策能够显著提升城市文旅融合发展水平，同时通过了一系列稳健性检验的证实。进一步分析揭示，试点政策通过促进消费结构升级及强化公共文化服务供给的双重路径，有效驱动了文旅融合。特别地，在地理位置优越、拥有网红品牌效应、文化底蕴深厚及处于体制改革前沿的城市中，试点政策的文旅融合促进效应表现更为突出。研究结论为文化消费的积极作用提供了经验证据，验证了公共文化政策对文旅融合发展的正向影响，对于优化文化政策设计、指导文旅融合策略制定及促进区域文旅产业高质量发展具有重要的参考价值。
Abstract：The integration of culture and tourism is a crucial pathway for achieving sustainable tourism development and represents a significant form of cultural consumption. This study focuses on the frontier topics of cultural-tourism integration and cultural consumption, using China's pilot cities for cultural consumption as a quasi-natural experiment. Based on panel data from 270 cities between 2010 and 2019, it first measures the level of cultural-tourism integration using the entropy method, and then applies a multi-period difference-in-differences(DID) model to examine the impact of the cultural consumption pilot policy on the development of cultural-tourism integration. The results show that the pilot policy significantly promotes the integration of culture and tourism in cities, and this finding is confirmed through a series of robustness tests. Further analysis reveals that the policy drives cultural-tourism integration through two main channels: upgrading the consumption structure and strengthening the supply of public cultural services. Notably, the promotional effect of the policy is more pronounced in cities with favorable geographic locations, strong online branding, profound cultural heritage, and those at the forefront of institutional reforms. The study provides empirical evidence for the positive role of cultural consumption policies, verifies the constructive impact of public cultural policies on cultural-tourism integration, and offers valuable insights for optimizing cultural policy design, formulating cultural-tourism integration strategies, and promoting high-quality development of regional cultural and tourism industries.
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(1)文旅融合企业新注册数量来源于企查查平台数据库;夜间灯光指数来自美国国家海洋和大气管理局的数据(NOAA),详见https://ngdc.noaa.gov/eog/index.html。
(2)东部地区包括北京、天津、河北、上海、江苏、浙江、福建、山东、广东、海南和辽宁共11个省市;中部地区包括河南、湖北、湖南、江西、山西、吉林、安徽、黑龙江共8个省份;西部包括重庆、四川、贵州、云南、西藏、陕西、甘肃、青海、宁夏、新疆、广西、内蒙古共12个省市。
(3)文化体制改革试点分别启动于2003年、2006年,与本研究样本期间(2010—2019)存在长期的时间间隔,文化体制改革城市已经发展较为成熟且稳定,故用作为异质性检验。
(4)国家文化消费试点城市是由中宣部(中央宣传部)、文化部等部门于2016年和2017年分两批启动的国家级试点项目,旨在通过供给侧改革激发文化消费潜力。2018年文化和旅游部组建后,于2020年、2021年分两批推出国家文化和旅游消费试点城市,聚焦于文化消费与旅游消费融合发展的试点工作。
基本信息:
中图分类号:G124;F592
引用信息:
[1]宋航,程遂营.文化消费试点政策能促进文化和旅游融合吗?[J].消费经济,2025,41(05):44-58.
基金信息:
国家社会科学基金重大项目“建设黄河国家文化公园研究”(21ZDA081);国家社会科学基金西部项目“西北丝路文化遗产数字化推动文旅深度融合的机制、效应与路径研究”(24XGL024); 山西省哲学社会科学年度一般课题“山西省县域旅游从小众选择到大众需求的生长逻辑及应对策略研究”(2024YB180)